Sunday, July 12, 2009

BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Michelle Necole Griffith

Commonwealth v. Michelle Necole Griffith 2009 PA Super 120 (7/02/2009)

Topic: DUI 75 Pa.C.S.A. Section 3802(d) - Prescription Drugs - Sufficiency of the Evidence

Summary: For a defendant to be convicted of driving under the influence of a prescription drug, the prosecutor must present expert testimony on the intoxicating effect of the drug.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/s14030_09.pdf

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Tuesday, June 30, 2009

BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. William Howard Wilgus

Commonwealth v. William Howard Wilgus 2009 PA Super 116 (6/26/2009)

Topic: Megan's Law Registration - Homeless Megan's Law Violator

Summary: When a defendant has no shelter or fixed abode, he is not required to register under Megan's Law. A defendant who is staying at a temporary residence is required to register.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/a06028_09.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Daniel Sinnott

Commonwealth v. Daniel Sinnott 2009 PA Super 114 (6/23/2009)

Topic: Ethnic Intimidation - Sufficiency of the Evidence

Summary: For a defendant to be convicted of ethnic intimidation, the evidence must show that the underlying crime was motivated by the defendant's attitude towards the victim's ethnicity. (In Sinnott's case, the motivation for the crime appeared to be a dispute over money.)

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/a08006_09.pdf

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Monday, June 22, 2009

BriefLaw: Yeager v. United States

Yeager v. United States US SCT No. 08–67 (06/18/2009)

Topic: Double Jeopardy - Partial Acquittal

Summary: 1.) Where a defendant has been acquitted of some charges, any issue that is a fundamental part of the jury's decision cannot be retried. 2.) Where a defendant has been acquitted of some charges, charges that a jury was unable to decide are not considered in determining whether double jeopardy applies.

http://www.supremecourtus.gov/opinions/08pdf/08-67.pdf

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Saturday, June 13, 2009

BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Anthony Michael Lawson

Commonwealth v. Anthony Michael Lawson 2009 PA Super 110 (6/10/2009)

Topic: Prohibited Offensive Weapons

Summary: Since a prohibited offensive weapon is any weapon that serves no common lawful purpose, the evidence is sufficient to convict where a weapons expert testifies that he can't think of common lawful purpose for a weapon.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/a13032_09.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Jeffrey S. Cruttenden

Commonwealth v. Jeffrey S. Cruttenden 2009 PA Super 109 (6/08/2009)

Topic: Motion to Suppress - Intercepting Text Messages - Wiretap Act

Summary: A text message is an electronic communication under the Wiretap Act. Therefore, a police officer may not intercept a text message without a warrant.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/S73035_08.pdf

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Tuesday, June 9, 2009

In the News: PA wiretap law applies to text messages

The Pennsylvania Superior Court has ruled that, under the Pennsylvania wiretapping law, police must have a warrant to read text messages from a suspect.

For more information, go to:

http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09160/976157-100.stm?cmpid=news.xml

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Friday, May 29, 2009

BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Gregory Philip Kendall

Commonwealth v. Gregory Philip Kendall 2009 PA Super 100 (5/29/2009)

Topic: Reasonable Suspicion - Automobile Stop - Officer's Duty to Aid

Summary: Where an officer approaches a vehicle to render aid, the incident is a mere encounter and reasonable suspicion is not necessary.

Illustration: While driving on a desolate road in the middle of the night, Defendant pulled over. Although the officer was following Defendant for a few minutes, no motor vehicle violations were observed. The police officer asserted that he pulled over to see if everything was ok. The police do not need reasonable suspicion when they are acting on their duty to render aid. Therefore, the Superior Court found that this was not an investigative detention/stop and reasonable suspicion was not needed.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/S01024_09.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Daniel J. Schmohl

Commonwealth v. Daniel J. Schmohl 2009 PA Super 97 (5/26/2009)

Topic: DUI - Merger of Offenses

Summary: Driving Under the Influence (DUI) with a high rate of alcohol is a lesser included offense of Aggravated Assault while Driving Under the Influence. Therefore, the offenses merge for sentencing purposes.


http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/A06009_09.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Syvol Bowen

Commonwealth v. Syvol Bowen 2009 PA Super 94 (5/21/2009)

Topic: Sentencing - Fifth Amendment Right to Remain Silent

Summary: A sentencing court may not use a defendant's silence as its sole reason for enhancing a sentence. Additionally, a sentencing court may not use a defendant's silence at a sentencing hearing as a proof that the defendant does not take responsibility for the offense.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Superior/out/a04028_08.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Matthew Wayne Dietrich

Commonwealth v. Matthew Wayne Dietrich J-61-2009 (5/27/2009)

Topic: Restitution - Amending a Restitution Order

Summary: The Pennsylvania Supreme Court concluded that a restitution order that sets an amount of restitution and states that the order is subject to later modification is not invalid. Further, under 18 Pa.C.S.A. Section 1106(c)(3), a court may modify restitution at any time, but the reasons for the modification must be stated on the record.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Supreme/out/J-61-2009mo.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Steven Gravely

Commonwealth v. Steven Gravely J-190-2008 (5/27/2009)

Topic: Criminal Appeals - Extension of time to file a Statement Pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)

Summary: An appellant must request an extension of time to file a Concise Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal in writing within the 21 day time-limit imposed by Pa.R.A.P. 1925 or face waiver.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Supreme/out/J-190-2008mo.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Charles Joseph Lucarelli

Commonwealth v. Charles Joseph Lucarelli J-83-2008 (5/27/2009)

Topic: Right to Counsel - Waiver or Forfeiture of Right to Counsel

Summary: Where a defendant forfeits his right to counsel, Pa.R.Crim. P. 121 does not apply and a colloquy is not necessary.

Illustration: The defendant could afford counsel and repeatedly chose not to retain an attorney. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court concluded that in such a case, the defendant has forfeited his right to counsel and must proceed pro se. Further, the trial court does not have to conduct a counsel waiver colloquy with the defendant as the colloquy is only applicable in cases where the defendant waives his right to counsel.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Supreme/out/J-83-2008mo.pdf

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BriefLaw: Commonwealth v. Antoine Ligons

Commonwealth v. Antoine Ligons J-121-2007 (5/27/2009)

Majority Opinion by Justice Baer (joined by Justice Todd, joined by Justice Saylor in parts I-IV, VI, and VIII; joined by Chief Justice Castille, Justice Eakin and Justice McCaffery in parts I, the first half of part V, and the first half of part VII); Concurring Opinion by Chief Justice Castille (joined by Justice Eakin and Justice McCaffery); Concurring and Dissenting Opinion by Justice Saylor; Justice Greenspan did not take part in this case

Topics: 1.) PCRA Counsel Ineffectiveness 2.) Batson Challenge - Racial Makeup of a Jury

Issue 1 Summary: The Majority Opinion concludes that an appellant may raise a claim of PCRA counsel ineffectiveness in the Superior or Supreme Court without having to file a new petition before the PCRA court.

Issue 1 Illustration: Defendant alleged that PCRA counsel was ineffective in his appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. Defendant did not raise this issue before the PCRA court before raising it in the current appeal. Under the law, Defendant would appear to be barred from raising this claim until the current appeal is complete. However, the delay would put the Defendant outside of the time limitations of the PCRA. Therefore, in order to enforce the Defendant's right to effective counsel in a first PCRA proceeding, the Supreme Court has no choice but to entertain challenges to PCRA counsel's effectiveness even where the issue was not previously raised before the PCRA court.

Issue 2 Summary: Where a district attorney uses 9 of 20 peremptory challenges to eliminate African-American jurors, 7 African-Americans were impaneled, there were no overt signs of racial discrimination, and the case was not racially sensitive a Batson challenge failed.

http://www.pacourts.us/OpPosting/Supreme/out/J-121-2007mo.pdf

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Thursday, May 28, 2009

Commentary: What to learn from Montejo v. Louisiana

In the Supreme Court's decision in Montejo v. Louisiana, there are 3 key lessons for defendants to walk away with:

1.) Don't talk to the police.
2.) Ask for a lawyer as soon as possible.
3.) Don't talk to the police.

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